BWA is using wide wireless spectra over wide area aiming to achieve high-speed data access. One of the most developed technology standards of BWA is the IEEE 802.16 or WiMAX.
Originally the standard is supporting 10-to-66 GHz range for data transmission. Apart from that, it needs direct line of sight for successful data transmission. Later, as technology developed, it introduced support of speeds of up to 70 Mbps. It also added the 2-to-11 GHz non line sight connection support.
Figure 1. IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (broadband wireless access).
Further performance improvements were including modulation enhancing, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), AAS (adaptive antenna system) and MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technologies.
There are interesting opportunities for WiMAX technology since it can be joined together with PON. Future seems bright for WiMAX until the alternatives are called:
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European HIPERMAN (high performance radio metropolitan area network)
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3G
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4G
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LTE
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LTE-A
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UMTS
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EV-DO
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mobile BWA (IEEE 802.20)
Most of these alternatives are using OFDM with FFT and MIMO in larger or smaller capacity.