AWG is multiplexing multiple wavelengths to one single optical signal in upstream direction and separating signals carried on different wavelengths in one signal, to multiple output ports. AWG is used

Resource allocation, particular bandwidth allocation, and detection of unusual conditions or problems are included in management and control of the network. In the PON network management can be  eith

Quality of Service is required to support necessary services and applications with required traffic speed. As it has been defined for public switched telephone network (PSTN) already, it just starts t

PON deployment requires care in layout and configuration. System and subsystems should be properly tested. PONs testing points are shown in Figure 1.  

Requirements for PON depend on the standard. There are multiple standards developed for different scenarios, but some requirements are true for all the standards. Two single waves are required, one fo